Nicaragua,+1926-1933

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Nicaragua 1926-1933 --- Operation: Occupation of Nicaragua Drew and Emma

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Tasks I: Explain the nature and scope of the conflict.-- Due Friday, November 18th The battle started in 1926 because there were "disturbances and conditions which seriously [threatened] American lives and property, [endangered] the stability of all Central America, and put the rights granted by Nicaragua to the United States for the construction of a canal in jeopardy." In 1926 the conservative, pro-American president of that country, Adolfo Díaz, appealed to the United States for aid in suppressing a liberal rival for the presidency, Dr. Juan Sacasa, who was actively supported by the Mexican government. Early in 1927 President Calvin Coolidge complied with Díaz' request by sending 2,000 Marines. Coolidge justified the action in his message to Congress of January 10, 1927, which is reprinted here in part. Despite the American presence, the fighting continued; and in April former secretary of war Henry L. Stimson was dispatched to Nicaragua to effect a compromise settlement. Both factions were disarmed and American forces stayed on to supervise the elections of 1928, 1930, and 1932, all of which were won by the traditionally anti-American liberals. "The United States cannot, therefore, fail to view with deep concern any serious threat to stability and constitutional government in Nicaragua tending toward anarchy and jeopardizing American interests, especially if such state of affairs is contributed to or brought about by outside influences or by any foreign power" (Coolidge). It has always been and remains the policy of the United States in such circumstances to take the steps that may be necessary for the preservation and protection of the lives, the property, and the interests of its citizens and of this government itself.

Calvin Coolidge " Intervention in **Nicaragua**," //Annals of American History.// <__ [|http://www.america.eb.com/america/article?articleId=386725&query=**Nicaragua**] __> [Accessed November 17, 2011].

"Coolidge, Calvin: Intervention in Nicaragua speech (1927)." // Issues: Understanding Controversy and Society //. ABC-CLIO, 2011. Web. 18 Nov. 2011. Task II: Analyze the U.S.’s involvement in the conflict.- Due Tuesday, November 22nd

Nicaragua was a protective war because of "disturbances and conditions which seriously threaten American lives and property". The leader of the side America was fighting against was lead by Dr. Juan Sacasa, who was a presidential candidate supported by the Mexican government. Calvin Coolidge, who was president at the time, because Sacasa presented a threat to the people, American and non-American, living there. This was justified because "It has always been and remains the policy of the United States in such circumstances to take the steps that may be necessary for the preservation and protection of the lives, the property, and the interests of its citizens and of this government itself." The Doctrine that best matches this situation is the Roosevelt Corollary because it states "Chronic wrongdoing, or an impotence which results in a general loosening of the ties of civilized society, may in America, as elsewhere, ultimately require intervention by some civilized nation, and in the Western Hemisphere the adherence of the United States."

"Coolidge, Calvin: Intervention in Nicaragua speech (1927)." // Issues: Understanding Controversy and Society //. ABC-CLIO, 2011. Web. 21 Nov. 2011.

Calvin Coolidge " Intervention in **Nicaragua**," //Annals of American History.// <__ [|http://www.america.eb.com/america/article?articleId=386725&query=**Nicaragua**] __> [Accessed November 21, 2011].

"Theodore Roosevelt: Monroe Doctrine Corollary speech (1904)." //American Government //. ABC-CLIO, 2011. Web. 21 Nov. 2011.

•In which one of Max Boot's categories, does this small war fit--punitive, protective, pacification, or profiteering? Justify the reasons that you selected one category over another. •Who were the most important decision-makers or leaders for belligerents and justify your choices with expert opinion? How did these leaders influence the progress and outcome of the war? •Who was the U.S. president and what were his reasons for involving the military in this conflict? •Was there precedent for the U.S. to participate in small wars of this nature? •Which presidential doctrine best fits the aim or goals of this small war?

Draw your information from a minimum of **three** LC e-books and databases--at least one primary source and one expert opinion. Organize your response in one or two extended power paragraphs. In an appositive phrase, establish the credibility of the source the first time you reference it. Internally cite sources and place the works cited at below the last paragraph for Task II.

TASK III: How did United States' Public view this conflict? Due Tuesday, Noevmber 29th

The conflict was controversial among Americans because many people thought that it was right that we sent those troops over but there was also people who thought it was wrong. There are two different perspectives on this. The first is that it was right to send the troops over because there was so many people dying there and we were potentially saving peoples lives. Also there was already a lot of damage done and a lot of people dead so sending the troops over would help get them "back on their feet". The other perspective is that it was very wrong to send these troops over. People think its wrong because they think since it is not in our country then it should not be our issue. This was said as the troops were sent over but was contradicted when people brought up the point on if we had a national disaster wouldn't we want people to come and help us? (Describe at least two non-governmental perspectives on this conflict and identify which one was dominant.) The importance of the publics' opinion on the duration and outcome of this small war was very important because the government has to take in tact what the people think. In the end it is the government's decision but one president can't make all the decisions for themselves. Since more people thought that it was right to send those troops over the outcome was great. We helped a small country in need and in the end we now have a friendship with that government. Creating this with all country's will help prevent things like terrorist attacks and national disasters. The public's opinion is very important and will remain that way in the future.

Draw your information from a minimum of **three** LC e-books and databases--at least **one** primary source and **one** expert opinion. Organize your response in one or two extended power paragraphs. In an appositive phrase, establish the credibility of the source the first time you reference it. Internally cite sources and place the works cited at below the last paragraph for Task III.

Task IV: Did the U.S. achieve its goals? -- Due Friday, December 2nd The conflict ended when the enemy general, Augusto César Sandino, began using guerrilla tactics, and the Great Depression. Success was measured by if they could take Dr. Juan Sacasa out of the running for president. They were successful, and Anastasio Somoza García, who American supported, leader came into power. American Citizens didn't really have a strong opinion either way. For most of the war, The United States was in the Great Depression, America was more concerned about what was happening in it's own borders.

"Calvin Coolidge: Intervention in Nicaragua speech (1927)." //American Government //. ABC-CLIO, 2011. Web. 1 Dec. 2011.

Calvin Coolidge " Intervention in **Nicaragua**," //Annals of American History.// <__ [|http://www.america.eb.com/america/article?articleId=386725&query=**Nicaragua**] __> [Accessed November 17, 2011].

Draw your information from a minimum of **three** LC e-books and databases--at least **one** primary source and **two** expert opinions. Organize your response in one or two extended power paragraphs. In an appositive phrase, establish the credibility of the source the first time you reference it. Internally cite sources and place the works cited at below the last paragraph for Task III.

** Rubric for Small War Wiki: ** •Answers to project questions are accurate and complete. •Information and expert opinion are selected from the **required** LC resources and are cited accurately with the credibility precisely stated. ·Maps, banners and photos are caption and cited. •Project questions are answered fully in extended power paragraphs.spelling •Writing is edited for spelling, punctuation and grammatical errors.
 * Works cited follow each task