1941+A.+Philip+Randolph’s+march+to+Washington+(

Home TIMELINE TOPICS ASSIGNMENT: Who Is A Person In America?

Phillip Randolph's March on Washington and Executive Order 8802

Sarah Heuerman
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Write a journal/newspaper style article in which you take a neutral stance (as a reporter) and give the facts about the actual event. What led up to the event? What happened during the actual event? Did it have an “end” or is it unresolved? You are to write about this event __when it happened__, you are assuming the role of a reporter in 1850, 1920, etc., __not someone looking back from 2011__. You need to cite your sources, and they must include information only available during that time period. At least one source must be primary and/or an eyewitness account. **Important - This work will be submitted to TurnItIn.com. We will provide you information about using this helpful resource**! POST PARAGRAPH HERE Phillip Randolph Battles the President for Equal Rights Phillip Randolph threatens to march 100,000 Negros on the Capitol unless President Roosevelt gives equal rights in the defense industry and military for African-Americans. Since 1939, the start of World War 2, defense industries and military programs are growing in the United States and creating jobs for millions of people but not African-Americans. The war has created new factories for military equipment and many spots are open in the military, but over “250,000 jobs were closed to blacks and only one of the four black military units were trained for battle”(White House Historical Association). Companies choose to stick with their traditions. For example Kansas City Standard Steel said they “have not had a Negro working in 25 years and do not plan to start now”. This angered many African-American leaders such as Phillip Randolph, member of the American Federation of Labor. So, Randolph ordered to see President Roosevelt September 27, 1940 to discuss to him his concerns. According to Randolph, Roosevelt favored his side and agreed to solve the issue durring the meeting. Over a year later nothing had changed. Roosevelt argued that “progress was being made” and blacks will be "proportionally but in combat services,which is something”. Randolph was outraged so decided to change his tactics by organizing the March on Washington, a group of over 100,000 African-Americans that would march to the capital and demand equal rights “ I think we ought to get 100,00 negroes and march down to Pennsylvania Avenue and asking for jobs in defense plants and integration of the armed forces. It would shake up Washington” said Randolph. As news broke out of the organization his prediction came true and Roosevelt called for a meeting. June 18 of 1941, Randolph and NAACP president Walter White met with Roosevelt and his committee to agree on a solution. Roosevelt argued that military troops will always remain segregated but promised to set up an organization to overpower the discrimination. The final result was the creation of the Executive Order 8802 on June 25, 1941 which states "programs for defense production shall take special measures appropriate to assure that such programs are administered without discrimination because of race, creed, color, or national origin;". Randolphs victory is a beginning of equal rights for African Americans in the United States. Citation "Job Discrimination." //American Government//. ABC-CLIO, 2011. Web. 21 Sept. 2011 McGuire, William, and Leslie Wheeler. "A. Philip Randolph." //American Government//. ABC-CLIO, 2011. Web. 21 Sept. 2011
 * TASK I: **

White House Historical Association. "FDR, A. Phillip Randolph and the desegregation of the defense Industries ." //White House History// (July 2001): n. pag. //ABC-CLIO eBook Collection//. Web. 21 Sept. 2011

Task 1: Mastery Rubric A quality news article will: •open with an attention-grabbing headline •identify the author's name and the date of the publication (in the past) •develop the 5 W's in three power paragraphs •paragraph 1: contain an interesting lead •paragraph 2: correctly cite a secondary source (an indirect quote) •paragraph 3: correctly cite a primary source (eyewitness account) •maintain appropriate journalistic voice •read like an article written in the same time period as the event occurred •be free of mechanics and Works Cited errors

TASK II What is the Argument? African Americans faced segregation and unequal rights in their jobs from early beliefs and slavery.

PROMPT 1: Why did the majority of Americans not recognize the rights of members of this groupWhy is there Racial Discrimination against African Americans in Employment? African American Racial Discrimination in employment exist because of early beliefs that African Americans are lesser than a human. These ideas were generated and promoted throughout the world by slavery. “Slaves were treated as ones object and property. They were lifeless.” said Saidiya Hartman a African American specialist and professor at Columbia university. After the ban of slavery, the theory carried on and created stereotypes of African American workers. According to Michael L. Birzer teacher at the School of Community Affairs in Wichita State University said” [Stereotypes] such as loud, more threatening, lazy, prone towards tardiness, and the inability to relate to clientele” enabled many African Americans to equal rights in jobs. These stereotypes and slavery has forever impacted African Americans giving them a disadvantage in employment.

Citations Birzer, Michael L., and Jackquice Smith-Mahdi. "Employment While Black." //Does// //Race Matter? The Phenomenology of Discrimination Experienced among// (Sept. 2006): 9. //EBSCOhost//. Web. 27 Sept. 2011

Hartman, Saidiya. "Staging Slavery." //THe Nation// 29 Sept. 1996: 33. //EBSCOhost//. Web. 27 Sept. 2011. PROMPT 2:Over time our country has changed to terminate racism. The untied Sates Government has created laws and acts to enforce and ensure that truly all men are created equal. Acts such as “ 1975 Voting Rights Act and 1972 equal opportunity act”(Michael Birzer) are just a few of many ways that have allowed African Americans to be treated as equals. These laws passed has also taught our country to put the passed ways of discrimination away and to treat African Americans with respect. An example of the improvements is “Since 1970 to now the elected African American officials has gone from about 1,500 to over 9,000” according to NAACP Americans respect and laws have eliminated racism.

"What are recent developments on the subject of race relations?" //National// //Association for Advancement t in Colored People//. N.p., 21 Sept. 2011. Web. 3 Oct. 2011. .//

//Birzer, Michael L., and Jackquice Smith-Mahdi. "Employment While Black."// Does Race Matter? The Phenomenology of Discrimination Experienced among //(Sept. 2006): 9.// EBSCOhost//. Web. 27 Sept. 2011

Uncle Sam says written by: Josh White Airplanes flying 'cross the land and sea, Everybody flying but a Negro like me. Uncle Sam says, "Your place is on the ground, When I fly my airplanes, don’t want no Negro 'round. "The same thing for the Navy, when ships go to sea, All they got is a mess boy’s job for me. Uncle Sam says, "Keep on your apron, son, You know I ain’t gonna let you shoot my big Navy gun." Got my long government letter, my time to go, When I got to the Army found the same old Jim Crow. Uncle Sam says, "Two camps for black and white," But when trouble starts, we’ll all be in that same big fight. If you ask me, I think democracy is fine, I mean democracy without the color line. Uncle Sam says, "We’ll live the American way, "Let’s get together and kill Jim Crow today.
 * TASK III: **

“Defense Factory Blues” by Josh White Went to the Defense factory Trying to find some work to do, Had the nerve to tell me, 'Black boy, Nothing here for you. My father died, Died fighting 'cross the sea. Mama said his dying Never helped her or me. I'll tell you brother Well, it sure don't make no sense When a Negro can't work In the national defense. I'll tell you one thing That boss man ain't my friend. If he was he'd give me Some democracy to defend. In the land of the free Called the home, home of the brave, All I want is liberty, That is what I crave. __Paragraph 1:__ Analyze the impact of the literary or artistic work for the minority group and/or American society as a whole. When the United States became involved in World War II, African Americans faced discrimination and segregation in the military and the defense industries. African Americans were not given the same training and opportunities as whites. In the song Uncle Sam Says by Josh White, a African American civil rights activist singer it says “All I got is a mess boy’s job for me”(White). This shows that African Americans got no fighting time and instead were put to messy jobs such as cleaning and cooking. In his other song Defense Factory Blues it says “it sure don't make no sense when a Negro can't work in the national defense” showing the discrimination in the defense industry. Through Josh Whites Songs he shows the struggle African Americans had in trying to serve our country.

__Paragraph 2:__ CLOSING-- How did the event impact the debate on the argument? The Executive Order 8802 did not fully please all African Americans but started a new era of civil rights acts ensuring equality for African Americans. Originally Phillip Randolph wanted to stop segregation and discrimination in government, armed forces and the defense industry, but unfortunately did not stop it in the Armed Forces. Anyway he did not achieve the full goal, his actions inspired later equality African American acts such as 1965 Voting Rights Act, enforcing school desegregation, and even in 1948 desegregation in the military. The Executive Order paved the way for African Americans to “Live the American way.”(White) An outstanding product will. •showcase a work that expresses a profound idea about your event and the argument surrounding it Good poem choices •be the **best** example available, not simply the first one you find •demonstrate your ability to interpret the meaning of the literary or artistic piece Try to go beyond what is said in the poem, look for deeper meaning •use the extended power paragraph format as a means to express your understanding of the event, argument, and how art literature and art can reveal emotions and ideas •reference sources accurately I do not see citations for the poems, be sure to cite all of your sources and make citations clear for your reader <span style="color: #008080; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 14px;">•mechanics are clean and effective <span style="color: #800080; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 14px;">Place poem titles in quotes
 * <span style="color: #008080; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 17px;">TASK III: Artistic Expression Element Rubric **

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 10pt;">An outstanding time line entry includes the following: <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 10pt;">• Opens by identifying you, the author, and your event with a banner headline (see an example of a banner on the top of this page). <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 10pt;">• Under the banner, in the table place two graphics or photos that illustrates an important aspect of the event. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">• Thoughtful responses to each prompt are supported by credible sources representing diverse perspectives on the event. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">• Each response should be posted in order (follow template instructions), contain few mechanic errors and follow the power paragraph format. <span style="display: block; font-family: 'times new roman',times,serif; text-align: left;">• The credibility of each cited source is established and internal citations accurately match the Works Cited.• TAS K I and TASK II each introduce and cite two new sources; TASK III cites one new source.• The Works Cited lists 5 credible sources from the LC databases.
 * Rubric for the Time Line Page **