Haiti,+1994

Small War Project Assignment

Haiti September 1994 - March 1995 Operation Uphold Democracy Lydia E. Jacob B. Michael W.

US Soldier || Haitias came to the US because of the new military junta in Haiti
 * [[image:haiti_map.gif width="334" height="341"]] || [[image:aa-map-of-Haiti.jpg width="386" height="304"]] ||
 * [[image:images.jpg]]Haitian Junta soldier

http://www.apimages.com/ "Haiti US Occupation 1994" || Works Cited: Engdahl, Willam. //The Fateful Geological Prize Called Haiti//. 4 Feb. 2011. //Flux// //Guru//. N.p., n.d. Web. 20 Nov. 2011.

Kabet, Ewalina. //An American soldier during the U.S. invasion of Haiti, 1994//. 13 Feb. 1995. //World Meets//. N.p., n.d. Web. 20 Nov. 2011.

Zepezauer, Mark. "1994: The Haiti Intervention." //ZepBlog//. 30 Jan. 2011. Web. 23 Nov. 2011. .

Tasks I: Explain the nature and scope of the conflict.-- Due Friday, November 18th

The Haiti intervention (Operation Uphold Democracy) was a short conflict ranging from September 1994 to March 1995. The conflict was a result of a 1991 military ousting of the Haitian President, Jean-Bertrand Aristide, and Haitians were moving into the US because of this. The belligerents involved were the US Military lead by President Bill Clinton and the Haitian Junta whose Army Commander was Raoul Cedrás. The problem with Haiti in 1994 was that Haitian natives were coming to the United States because the military overthrew the president there. Bill Clinton allowed the Haitian people asylum to our country and tried to resolve the problem using diplomacy with the Haitian Military. Diplomacy did not work and Bill Clinton ended up using military actions to resolve the issues in Haiti. The impact of the Haiti intervention resulted in reestablishing democratic ruling in Haiti and led to he development of a U.N. humanitarian mission in the country.

Works Cited: Dos Santos, Pedro. "Haiti intervention." //The Nineties in America//. Salem History, n.d. Web. 17 Nov. 2011. . Task II: Analyze the U.S.’s involvement in the conflict.- Due Tuesday, November 22nd

In 1994 the Haitian President, Jean-Bertrand Aristide was overthrown by Raoul Cedras, an army commander in Haiti. The US decided to intervene when Cedras declined any reasoning from President Clinton. We stepped in to enforce Democracy once again in Haiti. This fell under Max Boot’s category of protective which meant fighting to protect American citizens or property. The goal of Operation Uphold Democracy was to enforce Democracy in Haiti so the US wouldn’t become overcrowded with Haitian Immigrants. Our brute force and size was too much for Haiti’s army and we ended up overpowering them.

Works Cited: "Bill Clinton: quote on U.S. military involvement in Haiti." //World at War: Understanding Conflict and Society//. ABC-CLIO,2011. Web. 28 Nov. 2011.

Clinton, William J. "U.S. interests in Haiti The Crisis in Haiti." //Infohio//. N.p., n.d. Web. 20 Nov. 2011. .

Boot, Max. "Another American Way of War." Preface. //The SAVAGE WARS OF PEACE// //Small Wars and the Rise of American Power//. By Boot. N.p.: n.p., n.d. N. pag. Print. TASK III: How did United States' Public view this conflict? Due Tuesday, Noevmber 29th

The bulk of US citizens wanted us to invade Haiti, No one wanted the US to become overcrowded with Haitian Immigrants and we also wanted our neighbor Haiti to continue having a Democracy. The United States should avoid having a failed state so close to its borders and should help Haiti in anyway possible. Some people think that “Haiti is a one of the poorest countries with instability and there is no need for us to spend money on a worthless cause” (Peter Katel). Even though the common people had voices the final decision came to the government and the president Bill Clinton. “The public’s opinion wasn’t important and wasn’t considered in this small war” (Philippe Girad). In Philippe’s book //Clinton in Haiti//: described that Clinton sidestepped democracy in the United States and violated the Mitchell-Nunn Amendment, but he tried to bypass the ban. The majority of people in the United States wanted to intervene in Haiti and this was also the president’s ultimate decision as well

Works Cited: Katel, Peter. "Haiti's Dilemma." //CQ Researcher// 18 Feb. 2005: 149-72. Web. 28 Nov. 2011.

Girard, Philippe R. "The Clinton Administration's Policy was not Always Consistent with its Stated Commitment to Democracy." //Clinton in Haiti: the// //1994 U.S. invasion of Haiti//. N.p.: Palgrave Macmillan, 2004. 31, 32. //Google Books//. Web. 28 Nov. 2011. Task IV: Did the U.S. achieve its goals? -- Due Friday, December 2nd

Draw your information from a minimum of **three** LC e-books and databases--at least **one** primary source and **two** expert opinions. Organize your response in one or two extended power paragraphs. In an appositive phrase, establish the credibility of the source the first time you reference it. Internally cite sources and place the works cited at below the last paragraph for Task III.

The Americans tried to negotiate this conflict with the Haitian government on a higher level. Pedro dos Santos, an expert of Comparative Politics and International Relations at the University of Kansas mentioned that Americans “ offer was accepted by Cédras […] but the decision to step down from mainly because U.S. troops were en route to Haiti (dos Santos).” This lead to Aristide’s return and hope that Haiti was moving in a good direction about political, social and economic development. The United States citizens liked the outcome of the Haiti intervention because it kept Haitians from coming to America illegally and also upheld democracy with our neighbor. In peace magazine there was a reason why Americans liked the intervention and this reason is “Aristide's return to Haiti has become essential to America's purposes in the region because it is the only way Washington can stem the flow of Haitian refugees” (Paul Hamel). Bill Clinton was praised for his good decision for the small operation Uphold Democracy because it prevented Haitians to move to United States and to keep Haiti under democratic ruling.

Works Cited: Dos Santos, Pedro. "Haiti intervention." //The Nineties in America//. Salem History, n.d. Web. 17 Nov. 2011. .

"Haiti, 1990-2000." //The Encyclopedia of World History//. 2001. //eLibrary//. Web. 02 Dec. 2011.

Hamel, Paul. "Preventing Democracy in Haiti: Turning the Light Off at the End of the Tunnel." //Peace Magazine//. 01 Jan. 2005: 14. //eLibrary//. Web. 02 Dec. 2011.

** Rubric for Small War Wiki: **•Answers to project questions are accurate and complete. •Information and expert opinion are selected from the **required** LC resources and are cited accurately with the credibility precisely stated. ·Maps, banners and photos are caption and cited. •Project questions are answered fully in extended power paragraphs.spelling •Writing is edited for spelling, punctuation and grammatical errors. *Works cited follow each task